Work on community-based approaches to combat illegal wildlife trade (IWT) through initiatives and events such as the “People not Poaching” platform, Local Communities - First Line of Defence against Illegal Wildlife Trade (FLoD), and the London Conference, among others, have produced important and, in some cases, unanticipated insights into the role of local communities in combatting IWT. A learning exchange event was organized in Nairobi, Kenya, from the 25th to 26th of November, 2019, in order to bring together key stakeholders in Eastern and Southern Africa to share lessons and insights and to develop policy messages and recommendations to guide future work on the IWT.